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The Shivering Style

shivering style related to manuscript illumination

Ebbo Gospels. St. Matthew, done in the Shivering Style, c. 824 illuminated Gospel Book, from the Carolingian Era. 

Carolingian manuscripts are masterpieces of art. Combing a variety of artistic influences. According to author J. Henry Middleton, "One important characteristic of the Carolingian manuscripts is their extreme splendour. The freely used burnished gold is often made more magnificent by the contrast of no less brilliant silver. Purple-stained vellum was largely used, and all the pigments are of the most gorgeous hues that great technical skill could produce. And yet in spite of all this magnificence of shining metals and bright colours the effect is never harsh or gaudy, owing to the taste and judgment shown by the illuminators in the way they broke up their colours, avoiding large unrelieved masses, and in the arrangement of the colours so as to give a general effect of harmony in spite of the great chromatic force of the separate parts."

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ref - Art Principles With Special Reference to Painting Together with Notes on the Illusions Produced by the Painter by Ernest Govett