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James Whistler (1834 - 1903) American, Tonalist
Arrangement in Grey and Black: The Artist's Mother c. 1871
Recognized under its informal name Whistler's Mother
James Whistler's Tonalist style is rooted in the French
Barbizon movement, which emphasized atmosphere and shadow. The unifying
factor is that all the colors in the Tonalist palette are nearly the
same value, resulting in an understated and harmonious composition. The Tonalist
subject matter is never entirely apparent; their is no effort to
communicate a message or narrate a story. Whistler described the
painting process "As light fades and the shadows deepen, all petty and
exacting details vanish, everything trivial disappears, and I see things
as they are in great strong masses: the buttons are lost, but the sitter
remains; the sitter is lost, but the shadow remains; the shadow is lost,
but the picture remains. And that, night cannot efface from the
painter's imagination."
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