Parmigianino
(the little one from Parma)
1503-1540
Italian Mannerist Painter
Artistically and stylistically influenced the following painters - Correggio, Raphael and Michelangelo
Education - he grew up in the studios of various uncles who were small time painters.
Cause of Death - He descended slowly into madness becoming obsessed with alchemy. According to art historian Vasari "He used his brains no longer for working out fine conceptions with his pencils and colours, but wasted all his days instead over his charcoal and wood and glass bottles and such trash, spending more in a day than he earned in a week by his painting in the Steccata." His life became in a downward spiral. He was imprisoned in a small dank cell for several years before fleeing in the night with several other inmates. Penniless and homeless he died of a fever. He was just 37.
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The name mannerism comes from the Italian maniera, which translates to 'style'. Mannerism is an artistic style that was born in the early 1500s. The style originated in Italy and later widened to all of Europe. Mannerists paintings are characterized by elongated limbs, thin aquiline noses, tapering fingers, undersized heads, garish colors and elaborately mannered and contorted postures. There is usually a theatrical air of restless action. The Mannerists in Italy worked on commission for a restricted audience of Vatican powerbrokers and royalty. The subjects they painteed were gnrally religous themes, portraits and somtimes mythology. El Greco spurned the lavish commissions in favor of artistic freedom and went off to Spain and to pursue his own extraordinary vision.
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