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The Renaissance
1330-1550
The term Renaissance means
“rebirth”
During
the Renaissance
the Artist was elevated in social standing and
his art was looked upon
not as simple crafts,
but as divinely inspired
creations. The spirit of
an era awoke,
revitalized with
knowledge and
creativity. Paintings of
the time period are
intensely passionate
with dramatic use of
light. Florence was the
epicenter of the
Renaissance
movement. Historian
Jacob Burckhardt
describes the city
thusly, "Florence, the
great market of fame,
was in this point, as we
have said, in
advance of other cities.
'Sharp eyes and bad
tongues' is the
description given of the
inhabitants. An
easygoing contempt of
everything and everybody
was probably the
prevailing tone of
society."
The techniques used by painters of the High Renaissance were quite
innovative in themselves. Their use of incandescent colors created with
newly developed oil mediums gave a unique vividness to their paintings.
Michelangelo
and
Leonardo Da Vinci
would not hesitate to
directly sketch a reeking, decomposing human cadaver for the purpose of painting the human
body realistically.
Until the
Middle Ages
men regarded themselves
as following the
Good
Shepherd, and art
consequently did not
recognize the individual
in particular. In the
structure and position
of the figures, as
in their expression, a
general and uniform type
of beauty prevailed. The
early Renaissance marks
the victory of
individualism and the
uncompromising
prominence of he
individual. An abundance
of sharply outlined
characters suddenly
appears, robust,
clear-cut personalities;
lawless nature belonging
just as much in the
gallery of criminals as
in that of great men.
Character,
individuality, power and
energy are the passwords
of the Renaissance age.
This new humanity, all
these rugged and manly
figures which the age
had created, had also to
appear in painting. In
contrast to the former
preference for beauty of
an angelic and tender
type, the problem now
was to depict energetic
and powerful beings; and
to replace shy and
feminine, though
bearded, men in the
pictures of the older
masters by angular,
harsh determined and
daring types. The
figures which has
formerly hovered like
spirits above the earth
had now to stand firmly
upon their own feet and
become part of their
earthly home. --
Richard Muther, The History of Painting,
Henry and Co., London, 1896
The Greatest Artists of the Italian Renaissance
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Key Descriptive Words and
Phrases associated with The Renaissance Era -
rebirth,
rediscovery of the classical world, publication of Della
Pittura, a book about the laws of mathematical perspective for
artists, spiritually
significant, Age of Discovery, curiosity about the natural world,
idealized biblical themes, realistic use of colours and
light, Old Testament stories, pre-Constantinian period, ethereal and
foggy backgrounds , Gospel parables, romanticized landscapes,
Christian symbolism.
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